研究・研究者
研究会・セミナー
| 演 題 | 「Laser and Synchrotron Investigations of Fundamental Combustion Chemistry」 |
|---|---|
| 日 時 | 2010年06月07日(月) 14:00 |
| 講演者 | Dr. Craig Allen Taatjes (Combustion Chemistry Technical Staff) |
| 場 所 | #201(IMS Research Building) |
| 概 要 | Combustion is the overwhelmingly dominant power source for transportation across the developed world, and the internal combustion engine is almost certain to continue to dominate transportation for many decades. Even as sustainable and low-greenhouse-gas fuels are being developed, increasing the efficiency of engines while continuing to reduce toxic emissions will be part of any overall strategy to mitigate global climate change. The details of combustion chemistry are particularly important in the areas of pollutant formation and autoignition. I will describe recent advances in the study of combustion chemistry that focus on key reactions for both of these areas. First, the combination of laser-photolytically initiated oxidation measurements and high-level theoretical kinetics investigations has shed new light on the initial reactions in low-temperature combustion and autoignition, that is, the reactions of alkyl radicals with molecular oxygen. I will survey the state of the art in these systems and outline several longstanding questions that may soon be answered. Second, the application of tunable synchrotron photoionization detection to low-pressure flame measurements and to elementary reaction kinetics has enabled unprecedentedly detailed isomer-specific investigations of combustion chemistry. I will discuss several examples in which synchrotron photoionization has given dramatic new insights into important combustion problems such as molecular weight growth chemistry - the precursor to soot formation - and autoignition chemistry. |
